D1: The Second Perishability Principle
Decentralize control for problems and opportunities that age poorly
D2: The Scale Principle
Centralize control for problems that are infrequent, large, or that have significant economics of scale
D3: The Principle of Layered Control
Adapt the control approach to emerging information about the problem
D4: The Opportunistic Principle
Adjust the plan for unplanned obstacles and opportunities
D5: The Principle of Virtual Centralization
Be able to quickly reorganize decentralized resources to create centralized power
D6: The Inefficiency Principle
The inefficiency of decentralization can cost less than the value of faster response time
D7: The Principle of Alignment
There is more value created with overall alignment than local excellence
D8: The Principle of Mission
Specify the end state, its purpose, and the minimal possible constraints
D9: The Principle of Boundaries
Stablish clear roles and boundaries
D10: The Main Effort Principle
Designate a main effort and subordinate other activities
D11: The Principle of Dynamic Alignment
The main effort may shift quickly when conditions change
D12: The Second Agility Principle
Develop the ability to quickly shift focus
D13: The Principle of Peer-Level Coordination
Tactical coordination should be local
D14: The Principle of Flexible Plans
Use simple modular plans
D15: The Principle of Tactical Reserves
Decentralize a portion of reserves
D16: The Principle of Early Contact
Make early and meaningful contact with the problem
D17: The Principle of Decentralized Information
For decentralized decisions, disseminate key information widely
D18: The Frequency Response Principle
We can’t response faster than our frequency response
D19: The Quality of Service Principle
When response time is important, measure response time
D20: The Second Market Principle
Use internal and external markets to decentralize control
D21: The Principle of Regenerative Initiative
Cultivating initiative enables us to use initiative
D22: The Principle of Face-to-Face Communication
Exploit the speed and bandwidth of face-to-face communications
D23: The Trust Principle
Trust is built through experience
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